References

Clinical results are not predictive and individual results may vary.

  1. Blackshear JL, Odell JA. Appendage obliteration to reduce stroke in cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61(2):755-759.
  2. Glikson M, Wolff R, Hindricks G, et al. EHRA/EAPCI expert consensus statement on catheter-based left atrial appendage occlusion – an update. EuroIntervention. 2020;15(13):1133-1180.
  3. Hanke T. Surgical management of the left atrial appendage: a must or a myth? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2018;53(suppl_1):i33-i38.
  4. Johnson WD, Ganjoo AK, Stone CD, Srivyas RC, Howard M. The left atrial appendage: our most lethal human attachment! Surgical implications. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000;17(6):718-722.
  5. van Laar C, Verberkmoes NJ, Es HW, et al. Thoracoscopic left atrial appendage clipping. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology. 2018;4(7):893-901.
  6. Friedman DJ, Piccini JP, Wang T, et al. Association Between Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion and Readmission for Thromboembolism Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Concomitant Cardiac Surgery. JAMA. 2018;319(4):365-374.
  7. Yao X, Gersh BJ, Holmes DR, Jr., et al. Association of Surgical Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion With Subsequent Stroke and Mortality Among Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. JAMA. 2018;319(20):2116-2126.
  8. Badhwar V, Rankin JS, Damiano RJ, Jr., et al. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2017;103(1):329-341.
  9. Hindricks G, Potpara T, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. European Heart Journal. 2020;42:373-498.
  10. Writing Group M, January CT, Wann LS, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(8):e66-e93.
  11. Ali AN, Abdelhafiz A. Clinical and Economic Implications of AF Related Stroke. J Atr Fibrillation. 2016;8(5):1279. Authors pooled data from 15 studies.
  12. Health Policy Partnership. White Paper on inequalities and unmet needs in the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) and use of therapies to prevent AF‑related stroke in Europe. 2018.
  13. Cullen MW, Stulak JM, Li Z, et al. Left Atrial Appendage Patency at Cardioversion After Surgical Left Atrial Appendage Intervention. Ann Thorac Surg. 2016;101(2):675-681.
  14. Soltesz EG, Dewan KC, Anderson LH, Ferguson MA, Gillinov AM. Improved outcomes in CABG patients with atrial fibrillation associated with surgical left atrial appendage exclusion. J Card Surg. 2021;36(4):1201-1208.
  15. Whitlock RP, Belley-Cote EP, Paparella D, et al. Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion during Cardiac Surgery to Prevent Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(22):2081-2091.
  16. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor for stroke: The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22:983-8.

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